Madison County, Illinois: hazard risk
FEMA rates Madison County's overall risk Relatively Moderate (score 93.4 of 100, higher than 93% of rated U.S. counties); 6 of its 14 hazards are rated Relatively High or Very High, led by heat wave, tornado, hail. Its storm record holds 1,009 events since 1950.
FEMA's rating for each hazard
These are FEMA's county-wide model ratings and this county's storm record. They are not an assessment of any property, address or building, and not insurance advice: a property's risk depends on its own elevation, construction and location.
FEMA gives each hazard its own rating, and a rating does not follow the score from one hazard to the next: a hazard with a higher score can carry a lower rating than another. The table sorts by FEMA's rating, then by score (0 to 100, the county against every other county for that hazard).
| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected annual loss |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heat Wave | Relatively High | 98.0 | $17M |
| Tornado | Relatively High | 97.6 | $23M |
| Hail | Relatively High | 97.2 | $4.9M |
| Cold Wave | Relatively High | 95.8 | $15M |
| Lightning | Relatively High | 93.2 | $1.7M |
| Winter Weather | Relatively High | 90.8 | $481K |
| Earthquake | Relatively Moderate | 97.1 | $35M |
| Riverine Flooding | Relatively Moderate | 92.3 | $56M |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Moderate | 75.1 | $327K |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Moderate | 60.8 | $836K |
| Landslide | Relatively Low | 85.6 | $36K |
| Drought | Relatively Low | 63.2 | $383K |
| Hurricane | Very Low | 32.7 | $20K |
| Wildfire | Very Low | 14.8 | $6K |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025 release. A model of future loss, not a count of past events. FEMA's National Risk Index map.
What the record holds
| Hazard | Records | Deaths | Damage | Rank in state | Rank in U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Severe thunderstorm wind | 417 | 0 | $3.9M | 17th of 102 | 605th of 3,080 |
| Hail | 324 | 0 | $354K | 11th of 102 | 366th of 3,080 |
| Heat | 70 | 12 | – | 28th of 102 | 298th of 3,076 |
| Tornadoes | 67 | 6 | $249M | 8th of 102 | 150th of 3,080 |
| Winter storms | 58 | 2 | $2.5M | 79th of 102 | 1778th of 3,077 |
| Floods | 41 | 0 | $29M | 79th of 102 | 1378th of 3,080 |
| High wind and dust storms | 13 | 0 | $114K | 74th of 102 | 1888th of 3,080 |
| Extreme cold | 6 | 1 | – | 92nd of 102 | 1929th of 3,076 |
| Lightning | 5 | 0 | – | 40th of 102 | 1141st of 3,080 |
| Drought | 4 | 0 | – | 100th of 102 | 2175th of 3,063 |
| Heavy rain | 2 | 0 | – | 56th of 102 | 1691st of 3,080 |
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, 1950 to 2026-06-30; damage in 2025 dollars. Search the record at NCEI.
The full Madison County record: every hazard by year and month, the deadliest events and FEMA's declarations.