FEMA Records
3
Total declarations
Alabama · FEMA + NOAA + National Risk Index
Jefferson County, AL
3 FEMA disaster declarations (2021–2024), with a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively High. Most common hazard: Severe Storm.
- 3
- FEMA declarations
- 2
- Major disasters
- 98
- NRI risk · Relatively High
- Severe Storm
- Top hazard
The verdict
Jefferson County ranks in the riskiest 2% of U.S. counties for FEMA-modeled hazard risk, with more federally declared disasters than 41% of the 2,791 counties FEMA tracks. FEMA rates the county's overall risk as Relatively High, based on 3 federal disaster declarations recorded since 2021, most often severe storm, 22% below the national county average of 4.
- Riskiest 2%
- of U.S. counties for FEMA National Risk Index score
- Relatively High
- FEMA National Risk Index rating
- 3
- FEMA declarations vs 4 national county avg
- 2
- severe storm declarations, the most common hazard here
FEMA's National Risk Index score reflects expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience; the declaration count above reflects only Presidentially declared disasters, not every hazard event.
How does Jefferson County compare?
Jefferson County vs. every U.S. county
FEMA disaster declarations, all-time
3 41st percentile higher than 41% of 2,791 counties
Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more counties. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.
Source FEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 · 2026-07-25
Jefferson County's FEMA Risk Index score
FEMA National Risk Index composite score vs. the Alabama county average
How disaster-prone is Jefferson County?
Declaration frequency
Jefferson County, Alabama has recorded 3 FEMA disaster declarations between 2021 and 2024, of which 2 were classified as Major Disaster declarations (DR) requiring federal individual and public assistance. That puts the county's average at 1.0 declarations per year across a 3-year record, or roughly 25% above the Alabama county average of 2.4 and 22% below the national county average of 3.8. The dominant disaster type on record is Severe Storm, with 2 of 3 declarations falling under this category.
FEMA National Risk Index
This county sits among the highest-risk counties nationally on FEMA's National Risk Index, a composite score of 97.6/100 (Relatively High). Expected Annual Loss is rated Relatively High (roughly $262.4M in annualized losses). Social vulnerability reads Relatively Moderate and community resilience Relatively High, both critical modifiers of realized harm here. Of the 18 hazards FEMA models, Tornado stands out as the sharpest exposure here, rated Very High.
Flood exposure & the bottom line
Taken together, Jefferson County reads as low relative risk on this historical lens, fewer federally recognized disasters than a typical U.S. county.
Risk Assessment
Risk Level
Low
vs. Alabama Avg
+25%
State avg: 2.4
vs. National Avg
-22%
National avg: 3.8
Avg Per Year
1.0
Over 3 years
FEMA NRI 8-hazard radar - Jefferson County
How to read this radar
The radar plots Jefferson County's relative exposure to the eight headline natural hazards used by the FEMA National Risk Index. Each axis is the qualitative NRI risk rating (Very Low through Very High) re-expressed on a 0-100 scale so that the polygon shape lets you compare a county against another at a glance. A rounder polygon means broad multi-hazard exposure; a spiky polygon means one or two dominant hazards drive most of the modeled risk.
NRI Source
FEMA 2023
Latest NRI release
County FIPS
01073
AL state code
Source: FEMA National Risk Index FEMA National Risk Index Per-county per-hazard ratings, 2023 release
Disaster Types
Severe Storm 2
Hurricane 1
Declaration Types
What DR / EM / FM mean
FEMA categorizes declarations as Major Disasters (DR), Emergencies (EM), or Fire Management Assistance (FM).
Major Disaster - 2 66.7%
of all 3 declarations
Emergency - 1 33.3%
of all 3 declarations
FEMA Declarations Timeline
| Year | Declarations | |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1 | |
| 2022 | 1 | |
| 2021 | 1 | |
Disaster Declarations
| DR# | Title | Type | Incident | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3618 | HURRICANE HELENE | EM | Hurricane | 2024-09-26 |
| 4632 | SEVERE STORMS AND FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 2021-12-21 |
| 4596 | SEVERE STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, AND TORNADOES | DR | Severe Storm | 2021-04-26 |
Storm Events in Alabama
| Storm Type | Events | Fatalities | Injuries | Property Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thunderstorm Wind | 9,825 | 21 | 143 | $64.2M |
| Hail | 1,625 | 0 | 0 | $5.0K |
| Flash Flood | 1,260 | 22 | 10 | $13.3M |
| Tornado | 1,115 | 63 | 374 | $58.9M |
| Drought | 968 | 0 | 0 | $0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Events Database NOAA Storm Events Database State-level aggregated data, 2015–2025
FEMA National Risk Index
Overall Risk
Relatively High
Score: 97.6/100
Expected Annual Loss
Relatively High
$262.4M/year
Social Vulnerability
Relatively Moderate
Community Resilience
Relatively High
Hazard Risk Breakdown
Tornado Very High
Lightning Very High
Cold Wave Relatively High
Heat Wave Relatively High
Strong Wind Relatively High
Earthquake Relatively Moderate
Landslide Relatively Moderate
Ice Storm Relatively High
Winter Weather Relatively Moderate
Wildfire Relatively Low
Hurricane Relatively Low
Hail Very Low
Drought Very Low
Source: FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) Ratings reflect relative scores among all US counties. Data: hazards.fema.gov/nri
Counties with Similar Risk in Alabama
Disaster Preparedness Guides
Related
Frequently Asked Questions
How many natural disasters has Jefferson County, Alabama had?
Jefferson County, Alabama has received 3 FEMA disaster declarations from 2021 to 2024. Of these, 2 were major disaster declarations.
What is the most common disaster type in Jefferson County?
The most common disaster type in Jefferson County is Severe Storm, with 2 declarations. Other disaster types include Hurricane (1).
How does Jefferson County's disaster risk compare to the Alabama average?
Jefferson County has 3 disaster declarations, which is 25% higher than the Alabama county average of 2.4 declarations. Compared to the national county average of 3.8, it is 22% lower.
How many major FEMA disaster declarations has Jefferson County received?
Jefferson County has received 2 major disaster declarations, representing 67% of all 3 disaster declarations. Major disaster declarations typically involve significant damage requiring federal assistance.
What types of storms are most common in Alabama?
The most common storm types in Alabama include Thunderstorm Wind (9,825 events), Hail (1,625 events), Flash Flood (1,260 events). NOAA storm event data covers severe weather from 2015 to 2025.
What was the worst year for disasters in Jefferson County?
The most active year for disaster declarations in Jefferson County was 2021, with 1 declaration. The county has FEMA disaster data spanning 2021 to 2024.
What is the overall disaster risk level for Jefferson County?
Jefferson County's 3 FEMA disaster declarations put it in the low-risk band, fewer federally recognized disasters than a typical U.S. county over the same span.
What is the FEMA National Risk Index score for Jefferson County?
According to the FEMA National Risk Index, Jefferson County, Alabama has an overall risk score of 97.6 out of 100 (Relatively High). The county's social vulnerability rating is Relatively Moderate and community resilience is Relatively High. The Expected Annual Loss (EAL) score is Relatively High, representing $262.4M in annualized losses.
Which natural hazard poses the greatest risk to Jefferson County?
Based on FEMA NRI data, the highest-risk natural hazard in Jefferson County is Tornado (risk rating: Very High). Other significant hazards include Lightning (Very High) and Cold Wave (Relatively High). These scores are based on FEMA's analysis of historical event frequency, exposed assets, and community vulnerability.
Data Sources & Methodology
Disaster declaration data comes from the FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 API, which includes all federally declared disasters, emergencies, and fire management assistance grants.
Storm event data is sourced from the NOAA Storm Events Database (2015–2025), which tracks significant weather events including thunderstorms, tornadoes, floods, and winter storms.
This data is provided for informational purposes only. FEMA disaster declarations represent federal response actions and may not capture all local emergencies or weather events.
What this means for Jefferson County
Jefferson County, AL runs 25% above the Alabama county average for federal disaster declarations (3 vs 2), a low historical load overall.
- Its most common federal declaration type is major disaster (2 of 3) - know the hazards most likely here before they happen. Alabama overview
- See how this county ranks against the rest of the country for disaster frequency. Most-disaster rankings
- Read how to read FEMA declarations, NRI risk scores, and what they do and don't tell you. Disaster-data guide
Historical declaration counts describe past federal response, not a forecast. For current threats, follow the National Weather Service and local officials; in an emergency call 911.
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, this profile draws on 2,791 tracked U.S. counties in FEMA's Disaster Declarations Summaries dataset, refreshed as of 2026-07-25. Read our methodology - how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.
All federal data sources used on this page
- FEMA OpenFEMA, Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 - all federally-declared disasters for this county. fema.gov/openfema/disaster-declarations
- FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) - per-county per-hazard risk ratings and expected annual loss. hazards.fema.gov/nri
- NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database - state-level storm/severe-weather event records, 2015–2025. ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents
Data sourced from official public datasets. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainHazard Editorial
Verify with FEMA → · Verify with FEMA NRI → · Verify with NOAA →
Every figure on PlainHazard is rendered directly from FEMA federal disaster data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page draws directly on FEMA federal disaster data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or national statistics report, or report a data error.