FEMA Records
25
High volume
Missouri · FEMA + NOAA + National Risk Index
St. Louis (city), MO
25 FEMA disaster declarations (1973-2025), with a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively High. Most common hazard: Severe Storm.
- 25
- FEMA declarations
- 17
- Major disasters
- 99
- NRI risk · Relatively High
- Severe Storm
- Top hazard
The verdict
Two federal records point in the busier direction for St. Louis (city). Its 25 FEMA declarations are 1% above the Missouri county mean and exceed the count for 71% of the 3,266 counties in this registry. Separately, FEMA's National Risk Index places it in the riskiest 1%, based on modeled expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience.
- Riskiest 1%
- of U.S. counties for FEMA National Risk Index score
- Relatively High
- FEMA National Risk Index rating
- 25
- FEMA declarations vs 21 national county avg
- 739
- NFIP flood insurance claims filed
FEMA's National Risk Index and its declaration registry are separate measures. This county's registry includes Major Disaster (DR) and Emergency (EM) records; an EM authorizes a narrower set of federal assistance than a DR.
How does St. Louis (city) compare?
St. Louis (city) vs. all counties in this dataset
FEMA disaster declarations, all-time
25 Top 29% higher than 71% of 3,266 counties
Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more counties. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.
Source FEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 · 2026-08-03
St. Louis (city)'s FEMA Risk Index score
FEMA National Risk Index composite score vs. the Missouri county average
What does St. Louis (city)'s hazard record show?
Reading the federal records together
FEMA's NFIP table contains a substantial paid-claim history for this county: 739 claims and $10.1M in payments. PlainHazard labels 500 or more claims a heavy registry record; that is a reporting bucket, not an official FEMA risk grade. The average paid claim was $13.7K. NFIP totals exclude uninsured flood losses and do not measure how many properties currently carry a policy.
The declaration register points in the busier direction. St. Louis (city)'s 25 federal records stand 1% above the Missouri county mean of 24.6. That comparison describes how often federal action was recorded, including any Major Disaster, Emergency, and Fire Management entries shown on this page; it does not convert the count into future probability.
FEMA National Risk Index
This county sits among the highest-risk counties nationally on FEMA's National Risk Index, a composite score of 98.7/100 (Relatively High). Expected Annual Loss is rated Relatively High (roughly $359.2M in annualized losses). Social vulnerability reads Relatively High and community resilience Relatively High, both critical modifiers of realized harm here. Of the 18 hazards FEMA models, Heat Wave stands out as the sharpest exposure here, rated Very High. FEMA's modeled frequency puts that hazard at 15 modeled event-days per year here, based on 157 historical events on record.
Declaration frequency
The FEMA register is busy by both local and national comparisons. It contains 25 entries for St. Louis (city), including 17 Major Disaster records, 1% above the Missouri county mean. Across the 52-year span, that works out to 0.5 declarations a year. Severe Storm leads the file with 13 entries. Declaration type records the federal action taken, not every assistance program approved.
63 /100
Historical Activity Index
High historical activity
St. Louis (city), MO · PlainHazard-derived composite from federal records
This 0–100 index is an explicit PlainHazard composite from FEMA declaration history only on the county surface (this DB has no county-level NOAA damage row) . It is not FEMA's National Risk Index, not a forecast, and not a safety, insurance, or preparedness rating. Open the calculator · Methodology
FEMA Declarations (1953–present) High
18/30
25 OpenFEMA declarations, full ingest window (1.2x national county average)
County Disaster Density High
13/25
25 declarations (1.0x state county average of 25)
Major Disaster Share High
17/25
17 of 25 declarations are major disasters (68%)
Hazard Diversity Very High
15/20
6 different disaster types declared in St. Louis (city)
Historical Declaration Activity
Activity Band
High
vs. Missouri Avg
+1%
State avg: 24.6
vs. National Avg
+21%
National avg: 20.7
Avg Per Year
0.5
Over 52 years
FEMA NRI 8-hazard radar - St. Louis (city)
How to read this radar
Each axis: NRI risk rating (Very Low-Very High) on a 0-100 scale. Rounder = broad exposure; spiky = one or two hazards dominate.
Major Disaster share
68%
Major-heavy
NRI risk score
99
Relatively High
Source: FEMA National Risk Index FEMA National Risk Index Per-county per-hazard ratings, December 2025 release
How often does each hazard strike St. Louis (city)?
FEMA's National Risk Index models a historical event count and an annualized frequency for each hazard type. Most hazards are expressed as modeled occurrences per year; FEMA expresses drought and heat-wave frequency as event-days per year. These modeled frequencies are not forecasts.
| Hazard | NRI Risk Rating | Recurrence |
|---|---|---|
| Heat Wave | Very High | 15 modeled event-days per year |
| Tornado | Very High | roughly once every 18 years |
| Earthquake | Relatively High | roughly once every 190 years |
| Riverine Flooding | Relatively High | an average of 1.3 times per year |
| Strong Wind | Relatively High | an average of 6.2 times per year |
| Lightning | Relatively High | an average of 53 times per year |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Moderate | an average of 1.7 times per year |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate | an average of 5.3 times per year |
| Ice Storm | Relatively High | an average of 1.5 times per year |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Moderate | an average of 8.7 times per year |
| Landslide | Very Low | roughly once every 25 years |
| Hurricane | Very Low | roughly once every 87 years |
| Wildfire | Very Low | roughly once every 30,479 years |
| Drought | No Rating | 1.7 modeled event-days per year |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index FEMA National Risk Index Modeled annualized frequency; drought and heat wave use event-days/year, December 2025 release
Disaster Types
Severe Storm 13
Flood 5
Severe Ice Storm 3
Biological 2
Hurricane 1
Tornado 1
What Severe Storm declarations mean here
Severe Storm is the most frequent declaration type on St. Louis (city)'s record, 52% of its declarations. In FEMA's vocabulary this covers convective weather: thunderstorm straight-line winds, large hail, and the multi-day outbreaks that often carry embedded tornadoes. Activity is heaviest in spring and summer, though the season varies by region.
These events behave differently from a hurricane on paper. Damage tends to be distributed along a storm track rather than concentrated on a coastline, and a declaration typically follows an outbreak that crossed several counties over a few days, not a single point of impact. Because the qualifying threshold is the cost of uninsured public and individual losses rather than storm intensity, two similar storms can produce a declaration in one year and none in another.
Declaration counts describe past federal action. They are a record of what was declared, not a forecast of future hazard probability.
Declaration Types
What DR / EM / FM mean
FEMA categorizes declarations as Major Disasters (DR), Emergencies (EM), or Fire Management Assistance (FM).
Major Disaster - 17 68.0%
of all 25 declarations
Emergency - 8 32.0%
of all 25 declarations
FEMA Declarations Timeline
| Year | Declarations | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1 | |
| 2022 | 1 | |
| 2020 | 2 | |
| 2019 | 1 | |
| 2016 | 2 | |
| 2011 | 2 | |
| 2009 | 2 | |
| 2008 | 3 | |
| 2007 | 3 | |
| 2006 | 1 | |
| 2005 | 1 | |
| 1999 | 1 | |
| 1995 | 1 | |
| 1994 | 1 | |
| 1993 | 1 | |
Show 2 earlier declaration years
| 1979 | 1 | |
| 1973 | 1 | |
Disaster Declarations
How the 25 FEMA declarations break into federal action codes (DR / EM / FM). Same DISTINCT grain as the table below.
Download these 25 declarations as CSV . FEMA source data is public domain; our derived presentation is CC0.
| DR# | Title | Type | Incident | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4877 | SEVERE STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, TORNADOES, AND FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 2025-06-09 |
| 4665 | SEVERE STORMS AND FLOODING | DR | Flood | 2022-08-08 |
| 4490 | COVID-19 PANDEMIC | DR | Biological | 2020-03-26 |
| 3482 | COVID-19 | EM | Biological | 2020-03-13 |
| 4451 | SEVERE STORMS, TORNADOES, AND FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 2019-07-09 |
| 4250 | SEVERE STORMS, TORNADOES, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, AND FLOODING | DR | Flood | 2016-01-21 |
| 3374 | SEVERE STORMS, TORNADOES, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, AND FLOODING | EM | Flood | 2016-01-02 |
| 3325 | FLOODING | EM | Flood | 2011-06-30 |
| 3317 | SEVERE WINTER STORM | EM | Severe Storm | 2011-02-03 |
| 3303 | SEVERE WINTER STORM | EM | Severe Ice Storm | 2009-01-30 |
| 1809 | SEVERE STORMS, FLOODING, AND A TORNADO | DR | Severe Storm | 2008-11-13 |
| 1773 | SEVERE STORMS AND FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 2008-06-25 |
| 1749 | SEVERE STORMS AND FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 2008-03-19 |
| 3281 | SEVERE WINTER STORMS | EM | Severe Ice Storm | 2007-12-12 |
| 1676 | SEVERE WINTER STORMS AND FLOODING | DR | Severe Ice Storm | 2007-01-15 |
| 1673 | SEVERE WINTER STORMS | DR | Severe Storm | 2006-12-29 |
| 1667 | SEVERE STORMS | DR | Severe Storm | 2006-11-02 |
| 3267 | SEVERE STORMS | EM | Severe Storm | 2006-07-21 |
| 3232 | HURRICANE KATRINA EVACUATION | EM | Hurricane | 2005-09-10 |
| 1256 | SEVERE STORMS AND FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 1998-10-19 |
Show 5 earlier declaration records
| DR# | Title | Type | Incident | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1054 | SEVERE STORMS, TORNADOES, HAIL, FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 1995-06-02 |
| 1023 | SEVERE STORMS, TORNADOES, FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 1994-04-21 |
| 995 | SEVERE STORMS & FLOODING | DR | Flood | 1993-07-09 |
| 579 | TORNADOES, TORRENTIAL RAIN & FLOODING | DR | Tornado | 1979-04-21 |
| 372 | HEAVY RAINS, TORNADOES & FLOODING | DR | Severe Storm | 1973-04-19 |
Storm Events in Missouri
Statewide NOAA context only. PlainHazard does not currently attribute these state totals to St. Louis (city).
| Storm Type | Events | Fatalities | Injuries | Property Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thunderstorm Wind | 6,391 | 30 | 52 | $63.4M |
| Hail | 4,411 | 0 | 1 | $86.1M |
| Flash Flood | 2,399 | 47 | 14 | $406.6M |
| Flood | 1,810 | 25 | 7 | $304.6M |
| Drought | 1,033 | 0 | 350 | $53.6M |
Source: NOAA Storm Events Database NOAA Storm Events Database State-level aggregated data, 2015-2025
NFIP Flood Insurance Claims
Total Claims
739
Total Paid
$10.1M
Avg Per Claim
$13.7K
Source: FEMA National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) OpenFEMA Claims Data FEMA National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) OpenFEMA Claims Data
FEMA National Risk Index
Overall Risk
Relatively High
Score: 98.7/100
Expected Annual Loss
Relatively High
$359.2M/year
Social Vulnerability
Relatively High
Community Resilience
Relatively High
Hazard Risk Breakdown
Heat Wave Very High
Tornado Very High
Earthquake Relatively High
Riverine Flooding Relatively High
Strong Wind Relatively High
Lightning Relatively High
Cold Wave Relatively Moderate
Hail Relatively Moderate
Ice Storm Relatively High
Winter Weather Relatively Moderate
Landslide Very Low
Hurricane Very Low
Wildfire Very Low
Drought No Rating
Source: FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) Ratings reflect relative scores among all US counties. Data: hazards.fema.gov/nri
The model's sharpest exposure here: Heat Wave
Heat Wave is measured in event-days per year rather than discrete events, and it is the hazard whose harm is most consistently undercounted: its toll is health and mortality, concentrated among people without cooling, rather than visible damage to property.
Worth noting for St. Louis (city): the model and the federal record do NOT point at the same hazard. Heat Wave carries the highest modeled rating (Very High), while the county's declaration history is led by Severe Storm. That is not a contradiction, the two measure genuinely different things. Declarations record federal ACTION, which requires damage costly enough to exceed state and local capacity; the Risk Index models EXPECTED annual loss across all 18 hazards whether or not any declaration ever followed. A hazard can be the county's largest modeled exposure and never once have driven a declaration.
National Risk Index ratings are modeled estimates of expected annual loss, not predictions of what will happen in any given year.
Data-matched county comparisons
St. Louis (city)'s closest FEMA peer: Westmoreland County, VA
Comparisons use published FEMA declaration fields plus the National Risk Index composite for St. Louis (city). Record similarity, not a safety rating.
Closest declaration profiles
St. Louis (city) shows 25 FEMA declarations, led by Severe Storm.
Similar Major-disaster share
St. Louis (city): 17 of 25 of its declarations are Major.
Similar modeled NRI score
St. Louis (city): NRI composite 98.7 (Relatively High).
How these peers are chosen
Cohort: Published U.S. county equivalents outside the source state or territory. Each metric keeps six ETL candidates; three unique destinations are shown after de-duplicating across axes. Declaration-volume ranking combines count and Major-disaster share and prefers a different leading incident type; Major-share ranks the Major fraction adjusted for volume; NRI ranks the modeled composite score only.
Retained FEMA snapshot feed for St. Louis (city) - capture-dated entries only.
Further reading for this county
Understanding disaster data
St. Louis (city)'s NFIP claims file (739 claims) and FEMA declaration history measure different federal records - this guide separates them from modeled NRI risk.
More PlainHazard guides
- Most disaster-prone counties - U.S. counties ranked by FEMA declaration totals.
- Understanding disaster data - declarations vs storm events vs NRI scores.
- Preparing for natural disasters - household checklist (not county-specific advice).
Related
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the most common disaster type in St. Louis (city)?
The most common disaster type in St. Louis (city) is Severe Storm, with 13 declarations. Other disaster types include Flood (5), Severe Ice Storm (3), Biological (2).
How does St. Louis (city)'s FEMA declaration record compare with the Missouri average?
FEMA lists 25 declaration records for St. Louis (city). That is 1% above the Missouri county mean of 24.6. Its count is also 21% above the national county mean of 20.7. A larger declaration history records more federal actions; it is not a forecast of the county's next hazard.
How many major FEMA disaster declarations has St. Louis (city) received?
St. Louis (city) has received 17 major disaster declarations, representing 68% of all 25 disaster declarations.
How many flood insurance claims has St. Louis (city) filed?
St. Louis (city) has 739 National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) claims totaling $10.1M in payments, with an average of $13.7K per claim.
What was the worst year for disasters in St. Louis (city)?
The most active year for disaster declarations in St. Louis (city) was 2007, with 3 declarations. The county has FEMA disaster data spanning 1973 to 2025.
What is the FEMA National Risk Index score for St. Louis (city)?
According to the FEMA National Risk Index, St. Louis (city), Missouri has an overall risk score of 98.7 out of 100 (Relatively High). Social vulnerability here rates Relatively High, while community resilience comes in at Relatively High. The Expected Annual Loss (EAL) score is Relatively High, representing $359.2M in annualized losses.
Which natural hazard poses the greatest risk to St. Louis (city)?
FEMA's NRI data points to St. Louis (city) as of the latest release is Heat Wave (risk rating: Very High). Other significant hazards include Tornado (Very High) and Earthquake (Relatively High). FEMA's modeled event frequency puts heat wave here at 15 modeled event-days per year, drawn from 157 historical events on record. FEMA derives these ratings from historical event frequency, the assets exposed, and the community's vulnerability profile.
Data Sources & Methodology
Disaster declaration data comes from the FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 API, which includes all federally declared disasters, emergencies, and fire management assistance grants.
Storm event data is sourced from the NOAA Storm Events Database (2015-2025), which tracks significant weather events including thunderstorms, tornadoes, floods, and winter storms.
Flood insurance data comes from the FEMA National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) OpenFEMA claims dataset.
This data is provided for informational purposes only. FEMA disaster declarations represent federal response actions and may not capture all local emergencies or weather events.
What this means for St. Louis (city)
St. Louis (city), MO has 25 federal declaration records, 1% more than the Missouri county mean of 25; its history sits in PlainHazard's high activity band.
- Within this above-state-average declaration file, major disaster leads with 17 of 25 records; the category describes past federal action, not the next likely hazard. Missouri overview
- The state benchmark and national rank point the same way: this count tops the Missouri mean and the totals for 71% of 3,266 U.S. counties. Most-disaster rankings
- The large NFIP claims file and FEMA declaration history measure different federal records; the guide explains where they overlap and where they do not. Disaster-data guide
An above-average declaration count records past federal responses; it does not predict the next event. Current warnings come from the National Weather Service and local emergency officials.
PlainHazard derives this profile from FEMA's Disaster Declarations Summaries and National Risk Index data. The declaration comparison covers 3,266 U.S. counties and county equivalents in this database, refreshed as of 2026-08-03. Read our methodology - how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.
All federal data sources used on this page
- FEMA OpenFEMA, Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 - all federally-declared disasters for this county. fema.gov/openfema/disaster-declarations
- FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) - per-county per-hazard risk ratings and expected annual loss. hazards.fema.gov/nri
- NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database - state-level storm/severe-weather event records, 2015-2025. ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents
Data sourced from official public datasets. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainHazard Editorial
Verify with FEMA → · Verify with FEMA NRI → · Verify with NOAA →
Every figure on PlainHazard is rendered directly from FEMA federal disaster data, no number is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or national statistics report, the data & editorial changelog, or report a data error.