Carter County, Tennessee
County storm and disaster record · FIPS 47019 · population 56,264 · 341 sq mi
NOAA's Storm Events Database holds 377 records for Carter County, Tennessee from 1950 through June 30, 2026, on 276 days; the most frequent are winter storm records (149 records). 193 of them are forecast-zone records, which the National Weather Service files once per zone: a county covered by several zones receives each one, so a single storm can add several records on the same day. The deadliest single record is the January 7, 1998 flash flood: 7 deaths and $36.2 million in damage in 2025 dollars. FEMA has issued 18 declarations naming the county since 1973, 16 of them for natural hazards; the latest for a natural hazard was “Severe Winter Storm” on February 6, 2026.
The record, 1950 to 2026
Storm records filed for the county each year (2026 to June 30, 2026). Before 1996 NOAA recorded only tornadoes (from 1950), thunderstorm wind and hail (from 1955).
- recorded, no damage figure
- under $100,000
- $100,000 or more
- $1 million or more
- $10 million or more, or a death
- $100 million or more, or 10 deaths
- a year's colour: its recorded damage or deaths
- a year with a death
- 1955: wind and hail recorded from 1955
- 1996: all 48 event types from 1996
- Storm records
- 377on 276 days, 1950 to June 30, 2026
- Deaths recorded
- 90 injuries
- Damage, 2025 dollars
- $102Mas filed (scale steps before 1993)
- Tornadoes
- 4strongest F1
- FEMA declarations
- 18latest 2026
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, records through June 30, 2026 (file revision 20260918); damage converted to 2025 dollars with the BLS CPI-U. Search the record at NCEI. BLS consumer price index.
What hazards hit Carter County most?
The most frequent records are winter storm records: 149 since 1996. 61% of its winter storm records since 1996 fell in December and January. The rank column places the county among Tennessee's counties by days with a record per 1,000 square miles of land over each hazard's complete period.
| Hazard | Records | Days | First, last | Killed | Injured | Damage | Rank in state |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winter storms | 149 | 98 | 1996-2026 | 0 | 0 | $54K | 5 of 95 |
| Severe thunderstorm wind | 111 | 100 | 1958-2025 | 2 | 0 | $1.3M | 61 of 95 |
| Floods | 43 | 28 | 1996-2024 | 7 | 0 | $99M | 46 of 95 |
| High wind and dust storms | 33 | 25 | 2001-2025 | 0 | 0 | $351K | 6 of 95 |
| Hail | 32 | 29 | 1966-2025 | 0 | 0 | $108K | 81 of 95 |
| Tornadoes | 4 | 4 | 1989-2011 | 0 | 0 | $476K | 84 of 95 |
| Drought | 2 | 1 | 1998-1998 | 0 | 0 | – | 76 of 95 |
| Extreme cold | 1 | 1 | 2022-2022 | 0 | 0 | – | 52 of 95 |
| Heavy rain | 1 | 1 | 2013-2013 | 0 | 0 | $1K | 41 of 95 |
| Lightning | 1 | 1 | 1999-1999 | 0 | 0 | $53K | 70 of 95 |
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database (county and forecast-zone records attributed to the county; a zone record shows its own totals on each county it covers). Days: dates with at least one record of the hazard in the county. Ranks: days with a record per 1,000 square miles of land (Census Bureau 2024 Gazetteer), since 1950 for tornadoes, 1955 for hail and thunderstorm wind, 1996 for the rest.
How many tornadoes has Carter County had?
NOAA records 4 tornadoes in Carter County from 1989 to 2011, the strongest rated F1, with 0 deaths and 0 injuries recorded in the county. A tornado that crossed a county line is counted in each county it touched, with the length of its path inside the county.
Counted as whole tornadoes rather than county records, the Storm Prediction Center's database holds 4 tornadoes whose track touched Carter County since 1950 (NOAA's county records number 4, the same count); along their whole tracks they killed 0 people.
Map of the strongest tornado tracks in Tennessee.
Every tornado record filed for Carter County (4)
| Date | Place | Character | Killed | Injured | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011-04-09 | Milligan College, Carter County | EF0 0.89 mi x 50 yd | 0 | 0 | $26K |
| 2002-05-01 | Unaka, Carter County | F1 0.1 mi x 50 yd | 0 | 0 | $164K |
| 1998-06-03 | Buladeen, Carter County | F0 1 mi x 75 yd | 0 | 0 | $226K |
| 1989-06-16 | Carter County | F1 1 mi x 30 yd | 0 | 0 | $25K step |
A damage figure marked "step" is a record from before 1993: NOAA then filed damage by category, and the figure is the category as entered, in the dollars of that year, not an estimate of the loss.
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, tornado records by county (path length in the county, maximum width); ratings as published: F scale before February 1, 2007, EF scale after. Whole-track figures: NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database (1950-2025). SPC severe weather database.
When was the last damaging storm in Carter County?
The most recent record with damage, injuries or deaths is the September 27, 2024 flash flood ($58.8 million in damage in 2025 dollars).
Heavy rain resulted in releases from Watauga Dam that began to flash flood garages and yards of riverside homes along Watauga Drive in Elizabethton around 10:30 am EST. Flash flooding flowing down the Doe River from the Roan Mountain vicinity began to flood homes and roads in the Valley Forge area around 11:25 am EST. Flooding of areas near the Doe River in Elizabethton began around 11:45 am EST when the stage exceeded 9.5 feet. Much of Elizabethton along either side of North Main and South Main Streets flooded as the Doe exceeded 10 feet. Billy Bob Garrison Field had as much as two feet of water. Homes and businesses flooded on North East Street (adjacent to North Main), where vehicles were moved and flipped by flood waters. At 1:50 pm EST, Sycamore Shoals Hospital on the west side of Elizabethton was evacuated. …
National Weather Service event narrative, NOAA Storm Events Database (search the full record, event 1218684)
| Date | Record | Character | Killed | Injured | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-03-16 | Winter WeatherCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2026-01-30 | Heavy SnowCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2026-01-30 | Heavy SnowCarter County · forecast zone Northwest Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2026-01-17 | Winter WeatherCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2025-12-08 | Winter WeatherCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2025-11-10 | Heavy SnowCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2025-09-06 | Thunderstorm WindElizabethton, Carter County | 52 kt wind | 0 | 0 | – |
| 2025-04-30 | HailHopson, Carter County | 1.25 in hail | 0 | 0 | – |
| 2025-03-05 | Winter WeatherCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2025-03-05 | High WindCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 52 kt wind | 0 | 0 | – |
| 2025-02-19 | Heavy SnowCarter County · forecast zone Northwest Carter | 0 | 0 | – | |
| 2025-02-19 | Winter WeatherCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | – |
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database; every record of 2025-2026 is listed, earlier ones when they caused deaths, injuries or $250,000 of damage (2025 dollars), and every tornado.
The deadliest and costliest records
| Date | Record | Character | Killed | Injured | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998-01-07 | Flash FloodCountywide, Carter County Heavy rain over several hours triggered flash flooding. The heaviest rain fell between 1900 EST, January 7 and 0100 EST, January 8, where two to five inches fell during the period. Nearly 8 inches of rain fell in 24 hours in a rain gage in the headwaters of the Doe River, enabling the Doe River at Elizabethton, TN to ... | 7 | 0 | $36M | |
| 2016-07-08 | Thunderstorm WindDennis Cove, Carter County A married couple was killed by a falling tree at their campsite near the south shore of Watauga Lake. They were beside their tent under an awning they had arranged. Numerous trees were downed in the area. Victims included a male aged 60 and a female aged 47. | 65 kt wind | 2 | 0 | – |
| Date | Record | Character | Killed | Injured | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-09-27 | Flash FloodO Brien, Carter County | 0 | 0 | $59M | |
| 1998-01-07 | Flash FloodCountywide, Carter County | 7 | 0 | $36M | |
| 2019-02-23 | FloodPoga, Carter County | 0 | 0 | $1.7M | |
| 2003-02-14 | FloodCarter County · forecast zone Southeast Carter | 0 | 0 | $926K | |
| 2003-02-14 | FloodCarter County · forecast zone Northwest Carter | 0 | 0 | $794K | |
| 2017-10-23 | Flash FloodRoan Mtn, Carter County | 0 | 0 | $632K | |
| 1998-06-03 | TornadoBuladeen, Carter County | F0 1 mi x 75 yd | 0 | 0 | $226K |
| 2002-05-01 | TornadoUnaka, Carter County | F1 0.1 mi x 50 yd | 0 | 0 | $164K |
Before 1993 NOAA filed damage by category, not amount, so the list above starts in 1993. The highest category filed here before then (entered as $25K, in the dollars of the day) holds: June 16, 1989 (tornado, Carter County).
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database: deaths and injuries direct and indirect; damage is property plus crops as estimated by the National Weather Service, converted to 2025 dollars.
Is it getting more frequent?
Records per decade for Carter County's most frequent hazards. Counts rose everywhere after 1996, when NOAA began recording every event type, so compare decades within a hazard's complete period only (the shaded cells come before it).
| Hazard | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020-26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winter storms | – | – | – | – | 24 | 54 | 36 | 35 |
| Severe thunderstorm wind | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 20 | 48 | 25 | 9 |
| Floods | – | – | – | – | 6 | 16 | 12 | 9 |
| High wind and dust storms | – | – | – | – | 0 | 12 | 17 | 4 |
| Hail | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 8 | 3 | 4 |
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, records per calendar decade; zone records from the CZ_TYPE field (Z).
What time of year?
61% of its winter storm records since 1996 fell in December and January. The two busiest months are in violet.
The values, month by month
Jan 64 · Feb 51 · Mar 20 · Apr 24 · May 32 · Jun 39 · Jul 42 · Aug 21 · Sep 12 · Oct 14 · Nov 13 · Dec 45 (records).
Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, records by the month they began.
Federal disaster declarations for Carter County
FEMA's register lists 18 declarations that include Carter County: 12 major disasters, 6 emergencies and 0 fire management assistance declarations. Most were for severe storm (5) and flood (4).
| Declared | Number | Type | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-06 | DR-4898 | Winter Storm | Severe Winter Storm |
| 2026-01-24 | EM-3635 | Winter Storm | Severe Winter Storm |
| 2025-04-02 | EM-3625 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding |
| 2024-10-02 | DR-4832 | Tropical Storm | Tropical Storm Helene |
| 2024-09-27 | EM-3620 | Tropical Storm | Tropical Storm Helene |
| 2020-04-02 | DR-4514 | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic |
| 2020-03-13 | EM-3473 | Biological | Covid-19 |
| 2019-04-17 | DR-4427 | Flood | Severe Storms, Flooding, Landslides, and Mudslides |
| 2005-09-05 | EM-3217 | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation |
| 2004-10-07 | DR-1568 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms and Flooding |
| 2003-03-20 | DR-1456 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms and Flooding |
| 2001-08-15 | DR-1387 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms and Flooding |
| 1998-01-13 | DR-1197 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms and Flooding |
| 1993-03-14 | EM-3095 | Snowstorm | Severe Snowfall, Winter Storm |
| 1984-05-25 | DR-708 | Flood | Severe Storms & Flooding |
| 1977-11-12 | DR-544 | Flood | Severe Storms & Flooding |
| 1974-04-04 | DR-424 | Tornado | Tornadoes |
| 1973-03-21 | DR-366 | Flood | Heavy Rains & Flooding |
Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2), declarations through October 2, 2026; one declaration is counted once however many areas it names. OpenFEMA dataset page.
How many floods has Carter County had?
NOAA's Storm Events Database holds 43 flood or flash flood records for Carter County from 1996 to 2024, on 28 days, with 7 deaths. By flood insurance claims since 1978 (OpenFEMA, as of September 8, 2026), Carter County ranks 766th of 2,942 U.S. counties.
| Storm | Began | Records | Deaths in the county |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical Storm Helene | 2024-09-27 | 1 | 0 |
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid $5.3 million on 288 claims filed in Carter County; the most in one year was 96 in 1998. Claims count insured losses only: uninsured flood damage is not in this file.
The values, year by year
1983: 1 · 1984: 13 · 1994: 6 · 1995: 7 · 1996: 3 · 1997: 1 · 1998: 96 · 1999: 1 · 2000: 1 · 2001: 9 · 2003: 12 · 2004: 2 · 2006: 1 · 2009: 1 · 2011: 3 · 2012: 1 · 2013: 16 · 2015: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2022: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2024: 84 · 2026: 1; the other years: 0.
Source: FEMA OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims, as of September 8, 2026; claims by year of loss, payments in the dollars of the year paid. OpenFEMA dataset page.
FEMA's modeled risk for Carter County
FEMA's National Risk Index rates Carter County Relatively Low overall, with an expected annual loss of $15.9 million. These are FEMA's model estimates of future loss from 18 hazards, not a count of what happened; they can differ from the record above.
| Hazard | Risk rating | Expected annual loss | Modeled frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strong Wind | Relatively High | $1.1M | 2.9 a year (modeled) |
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate | $50K | 1 a year (modeled) |
| Riverine Flooding | Relatively Moderate | $12M | about once a year (modeled) |
| Lightning | Relatively Moderate | $352K | 51 a year (modeled) |
| Earthquake | Relatively Low | $568K | once in about 510 years (modeled) |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Low | $89K | once in about 2 years (modeled) |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Low | $772K | 2.3 a year (modeled) |
| Tornado | Relatively Low | $735K | once in about 12 years (modeled) |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index, county table, December 2025 release. FEMA's National Risk Index map.
Counties that share a border with Carter County
Source: U.S. Census Bureau county adjacency file; NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, records since 1950. The Census Bureau's adjacency file.
Next
- Tornadoes in TennesseeEvery Tennessee tornado since 1950 and the counties with the most per square mile
- Winter storms in TennesseeThe state's winter storm records, by county, year and month
- The Tennessee recordEvery hazard in the state, its deadliest events and its federal declarations
- FEMA's risk rating for each hazard in Carter CountyThe hazard risk calculator: 18 hazards beside the county's record
- Download Carter County's FEMA declarations (CSV)18 rows: every declaration that named the county, for your own analysis