Fairfax County, Virginia

What hazards hit Fairfax County most?

The most frequent records are severe thunderstorm wind events: 735 since 1956. 56% of its severe thunderstorm wind events since 1956 fell in June and July. The rank column places the county among Virginia's counties by days with a record per 1,000 square miles of land over each hazard's complete period.

Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database (county and forecast-zone records attributed to the county; a zone record shows its own totals on each county it covers). Days: dates with at least one record of the hazard in the county. Ranks: days with a record per 1,000 square miles of land (Census Bureau 2024 Gazetteer), since 1950 for tornadoes, 1955 for hail and thunderstorm wind, 1996 for the rest.

How many tornadoes has Fairfax County had?

NOAA records 22 tornadoes in Fairfax County from 1952 to 2022, the strongest rated F3, with 1 death and 45 injuries recorded in the county. That is 7th of 96 Virginia counties by days with tornadoes per 1,000 square miles since 1950. A tornado that crossed a county line is counted in each county it touched, with the length of its path inside the county.

Counted as whole tornadoes rather than county records, the Storm Prediction Center's database holds 22 tornadoes whose track touched Fairfax County since 1950 (NOAA's county records number 22, the same count); along their whole tracks they killed 1 person.

Map of the strongest tornado tracks in Virginia.

Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, tornado records by county (path length in the county, maximum width); ratings as published: F scale before February 1, 2007, EF scale after. Whole-track figures: NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database (1950-2025). SPC severe weather database.

When was the last damaging storm in Fairfax County?

The most recent record with damage, injuries or deaths is the June 22, 2026 thunderstorm wind ($10,000 in damage in 2025 dollars).

A severe thunderstorm produced a strong downburst one mile northwest of Burke VA with peak winds estimated 90 MPH. While other minor scattered tree damage was noted outside of the microburst in the general area, the microburst affected the communities around Lake Royal. Significant concentrated damage began along Zion Road between the cross streets of Guinea Drive and Hillard Lake Road. Tree damage continued along Bridgewood Drive and Falmead Road before reaching Lake Royal. Through this area, many, though not all, of the trees were snapped midway, uprooted, or had large branches snapped off. Trees fell onto cars, powerlines, roads, and homes with substantial damage. Damage was unidirectionally pushed to the east northeast in the direction of storm movement. …
National Weather Service event narrative, NOAA Storm Events Database (search the full record, event 1336143)

Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database; every record of 2025-2026 is listed, earlier ones when they caused deaths, injuries or $250,000 of damage (2025 dollars), and every tornado.

The deadliest and costliest records

A damage figure marked "step" is a record from before 1993: NOAA then filed damage by category, and the figure is the category as entered, in the dollars of that year, not an estimate of the loss.

Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database: deaths and injuries direct and indirect; damage is property plus crops as estimated by the National Weather Service, converted to 2025 dollars.

Is it getting more frequent?

Records per decade for Fairfax County's most frequent hazards. Counts rose everywhere after 1996, when NOAA began recording every event type, so compare decades within a hazard's complete period only (the shaded cells come before it).

Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, records per calendar decade; zone records from the CZ_TYPE field (Z).

What time of year?

56% of its severe thunderstorm wind events since 1956 fell in June and July. The two busiest months are in violet.

Source: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, records by the month they began.

Federal disaster declarations for Fairfax County

FEMA's register lists 19 declarations that include Fairfax County: 13 major disasters, 6 emergencies and 0 fire management assistance declarations. Most were for hurricane (5) and snowstorm (5).

Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2), declarations through October 2, 2026; one declaration is counted once however many areas it names. OpenFEMA dataset page.

How many floods has Fairfax County had?

NOAA's Storm Events Database holds 547 flood or flash flood records for Fairfax County from 1996 to 2026, on 185 days, with 2 deaths. By flood insurance claims since 1978 (OpenFEMA, as of September 8, 2026), Fairfax County ranks 246th of 2,942 U.S. counties.

The National Flood Insurance Program has paid $16.5 million on 1,488 claims filed in Fairfax County; the most in one year was 333 in 2011. Claims count insured losses only: uninsured flood damage is not in this file.

Source: FEMA OpenFEMA NFIP Redacted Claims, as of September 8, 2026; claims by year of loss, payments in the dollars of the year paid. OpenFEMA dataset page.

FEMA's modeled risk for Fairfax County

FEMA's National Risk Index rates Fairfax County Relatively High overall, with an expected annual loss of $219 million. These are FEMA's model estimates of future loss from 18 hazards, not a count of what happened; they can differ from the record above.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index, county table, December 2025 release. FEMA's National Risk Index map.

Counties that share a border with Fairfax County

1. Montgomery County, MD 2,238
2. Fairfax County 2,129
3. Loudoun County 1,709
4. Prince George's County, MD 1,352
5. Prince William County 1,183
6. Charles County, MD 1,022
7. Arlington County 620
8. Alexandria (city) 533
9. Falls Church (city) 417
10. Fairfax (city) 80

Source: U.S. Census Bureau county adjacency file; NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, records since 1950. The Census Bureau's adjacency file.

Next

• Tornadoes in VirginiaEvery Virginia tornado since 1950 and the counties with the most per square mile
• Severe thunderstorm wind in VirginiaThe state's severe thunderstorm wind events, by county, year and month
• The Virginia recordEvery hazard in the state, its deadliest events and its federal declarations
• FEMA's risk rating for each hazard in Fairfax CountyThe hazard risk calculator: 18 hazards beside the county's record
• Download Fairfax County's FEMA declarations (CSV)19 rows: every declaration that named the county, for your own analysis