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The data below is historical (NOAA Storm Events / FEMA), not a live alert. For current warnings and evacuation orders, check the National Weather Service, Ready.gov, or FEMA.gov.

State profile · FEMA + NOAA + National Risk Index

Washington Natural Disasters

Washington sits among the states with the heaviest federal disaster burden. 215 FEMA disaster declarations are on record, led by fire, with $3.3B in combined property and crop damage. That cumulative volume does not isolate physical hazard frequency from declaration policy, program use, or population exposure. NOAA storm event data shows 4,408 recorded weather events resulting in 96 fatalities, numbers that shape which hazards get priority in the state's preparedness planning.

215
FEMA declarations
4,408
NOAA storm events
96
Storm fatalities
$3.3B
Property + crop damage

The Washington risk picture

5 of the 39 counties FEMA scores, 13%, carry a FEMA "high-risk" National Risk Index rating, with earthquake the single largest driver of expected annual loss statewide. Washington has 68 Major Disaster (DR) declarations; FEMA authorizes Individual Assistance, Public Assistance, or both separately for each declaration. NOAA-tracked storms have caused 148 injuries statewide.

13%
of counties rated high-risk by FEMA National Risk Index
215
FEMA disaster declarations on record
$3.3B
in tracked property + crop damage
15,927
NFIP flood insurance claims filed statewide

FEMA's National Risk Index and NOAA's Storm Events Database measure different things: modeled long-run risk vs. observed severe-weather events. Storm Events is a reported dataset, so its counts track what was observed and logged, not every event that occurred, and reporting is denser where more people live. See the methodology for how they relate.

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FEMA declarations

215

Very high volume

Major Disaster share

32%

Mixed major share

NOAA storm events

4,408

Observed severe-weather records

How does Washington compare?

Washington vs. every U.S. state

FEMA disaster declarations, all-time

215 Top 7% higher than 93% of 59 states and territories

This state 0 400 all U.S. states and territories FEMA tracks, bucketed by value

Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more states and territories. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source FEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 · 2026-08-25

Washington county risk-score spread

FEMA National Risk Index composite scores, 0–100

70 36th percentile higher than 36% of 39 county composite scores

State average 0 100 Washington counties, bucketed by FEMA score, bucketed by value

Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more county composite scores. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source FEMA National Risk Index (NRI), county composite scores · 2026-08-25

The declaration chart counts past federal actions. The county score chart summarizes FEMA's modeled National Risk Index composite; it is not a forecast, and a state average does not describe every county.

Do more storms mean more federal disasters?

Washington sits at the 93rd percentile of FEMA declaration volume and the 22nd percentile of NOAA storm-event volume among 55 states and territories, those two ranks are not interchangeable.

FEMA declaration rank vs NOAA storm-event rank

Each point is a state or territory plotted by within-sample rank percentile (0–100) on FEMA OpenFEMA declarations (x) and NOAA Storm Events (y). Crosshairs mark the mid-rank (50th). Illinois is the clearest threshold-gap example in this release. Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 + NOAA Storm Events Database. 2×2 strategic matrix plotting 30 entities by FEMA declarations (percentile) (X) and NOAA storm events (percentile) (Y), with a crosshair dividing the plot into four quadrants. Busy on both ledgersMany storms · fewer declarationsDeclaration-heavy · fewer stormsQuiet on both 406080100120 020406080100120 FEMA declarations (percentile) NOAA storm events (percentile) Signature insight
Each point is a state or territory plotted by within-sample rank percentile (0–100) on FEMA OpenFEMA declarations (x) and NOAA Storm Events (y). Crosshairs mark the mid-rank (50th). Illinois is the clearest threshold-gap example in this release. Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 + NOAA Storm Events Database.
Read the chart, every state as text

Percentiles are within this release's state/territory sample. Raw counts are the underlying FEMA and NOAA totals.

StateFEMA declsFEMA %ileNOAA stormsNOAA %ile
California3969823,69493
Texas3899653,30998
Oklahoma2589523,89695
Washington215934,40822
Florida1889112,83855
Oregon169893,69520
New Mexico1268710,97445
Arizona120859,54138
New York1188421,65382
Montana1128213,57656
Colorado1117818,34073
Louisiana1117811,20447
Nevada110764,53424
Alabama1027514,58364
Kentucky987119,94778
Mississippi987114,10062
Tennessee976916,64569
South Dakota966722,75987
Alaska94642,68315
Kansas946425,11596
Arkansas876013,63758
Nebraska876020,13680
Missouri865822,95289
North Carolina855616,36767
West Virginia845512,02649
Georgia815116,67671
Minnesota815119,10975
Iowa784921,88384
Virginia774723,58491
North Dakota754510,81844
Hawaii72446,20031
Maine71424,78127
Illinois684022,08885
Pennsylvania643819,42776
New Hampshire63362,54711
Vermont62353,44918
Idaho60315,14229
Ohio603116,18465
Massachusetts59256,78133
New Jersey59258,21835
Utah59254,57825
Wisconsin562413,80760
Indiana542212,68753
Puerto Rico51182,94416
South Carolina511810,52042
Michigan46169,05236
Wyoming451512,49451
Connecticut43132,62213
Maryland381110,29040
U.S. Virgin Islands339880
Rhode Island3179247
Delaware2651,4759
Guam2542582
District of Columbia2424525
American Samoa1702924

What shapes Washington's record?

FEMA declaration types in Washington

Wider bars = more declarations of that incident type

declarations

What this shows Fire leads Washington's FEMA declaration mix with 147 records among the types shown.

Source FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries v2 As of 2026-08-25

NOAA storm events by year in Washington

Reported severe-weather events, 2015-2025 catalog window

100200300400500600 20152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 196

Source: NOAA Storm Events Database As of 2026-08-25

Peak year in this series: 2017 (546 events). Counts are reported events, not a complete census.

80 /100

Historical Activity Index

Very High historical activity

Washington · PlainHazard-derived composite from federal records

This 0–100 index is an explicit PlainHazard composite mixing OpenFEMA declaration totals (1953–present) with NOAA Storm Events (2015–2025), different windows and event definitions, disclosed weights on the methodology page . It is not FEMA's National Risk Index, not a forecast, and not a safety, insurance, or preparedness rating. Open the calculator · Methodology

FEMA Declarations (1953–present) Very High
30/30

215 OpenFEMA declarations, full ingest window (2.4x state average)

NOAA Storm Events (2015–2025) Low
5/25

4408 NOAA storm events in the 2015–2025 extract (0.4x median state)

NOAA Damage (2015–2025) Very High
25/25

Recorded NOAA property+crop damage in the 2015–2025 extract (5.8x median state)

Hazard Diversity Very High
20/20

11 different disaster types declared in Washington

What does Washington's hazard record show?

FEMA disaster declarations

Washington (WA) has a very high level of federal declaration activity, with 215 FEMA declaration records, including 68 Major Disaster declarations (DR). A DR may authorize Individual Assistance, Public Assistance, or both; those program approvals are not implied by the DR count. The dominant declaration type is Fire, followed by Flood (35), Severe Storm (20), Biological (3). Declaration counts at the state level reflect the cumulative federal footprint: large multi-county events count once per state, but repeat hazard patterns across decades are visible in the breakdown below.

Flood exposure & where to dig deeper

Flood exposure is quantified separately through the National Flood Insurance Program. Policyholders across 39Washington counties have filed 15,927 NFIP claims totaling $365.4M, or an average of $22.9K per claim. NFIP data captures only insured flood losses, so uninsured flood damage and storm-surge losses outside mapped high-risk zones remain invisible in this figure. The highest-Expected-Annual-Loss hazard across the state is Earthquake, estimated at $2.5B annually. Drill into individual counties for localized risk, read FEMA's hazard-specific briefings, and review insurance and flood-zone designations, state-level averages can mask sharp county-to-county differences in exposure and resilience.

NOAA storm events & FEMA National Risk Index

NOAA's Storm Events Database adds the near-term severe-weather lens. Between 2015 and 2025, Washington recorded 4,408 individual storm events, causing 96 fatalities and 148 injuries, with combined property and crop damage estimated at $3.3B. The most frequent event types in the state are Heavy Snow (1,700 events), High Wind (614 events), Wildfire (299 events). Across the 39counties FEMA scores here, its National Risk Index flags 5 as high-risk, with an average county Risk Index score (FEMA's own formula, distinct from our Historical Activity tool below) of 70.0/100.

What this count is, and is not. Storm Events is a reported database: NOAA compiles it from National Weather Service offices, trained spotters, law enforcement, and the public. It is a record of what was observed and logged, not a complete census of severe weather. Densely populated areas report more events than sparsely populated ones with similar meteorological exposure, and detection has improved over time, so an event count is not a like-for-like measure of hazard between places or across decades. Damage figures are field estimates, not audited losses. See methodology.

Disaster Types in Washington

Share of this state's FEMA declarations; the bar chart above is the same mix as counts.

Fire

68.4%

147 declarations

Flood

16.3%

35 declarations

Severe Storm

9.3%

20 declarations

Biological

1.4%

3 declarations

Mud/Landslide

1.4%

3 declarations

Earthquake

0.9%

2 declarations

Coastal Storm

0.5%

1 declarations

Drought

0.5%

1 declarations

Volcanic Eruption

0.5%

1 declarations

Fishing Losses

0.5%

1 declarations

Severe Ice Storm

0.5%

1 declarations

Storm Events by Type

NOAA storm event data for Washington (2015-2025).

Event Type Events Fatalities Injuries Property Damage
Heavy Snow 1,700 5 7 $2.3M
High Wind 614 15 6 $1.1B
Wildfire 299 4 4 $1.8B
Winter Weather 259 9 62 $1.1M
Flood 231 4 0 $391.2M
Thunderstorm Wind 178 2 0 $6.9M
Winter Storm 135 1 1 $1.3M
Heat 133 3 6 $0
Strong Wind 112 10 14 $14.9M
Ice Storm 84 1 0 $1.7M
Debris Flow 83 0 0 $2.5M
Excessive Heat 78 13 1 $2.0K
Flash Flood 76 0 0 $6.8M
Hail 75 1 0 $220.7K
Heavy Rain 55 1 2 $39.1M
Frost/Freeze 50 1 1 $20.0K
Dust Storm 50 2 23 $487.0K
Funnel Cloud 30 0 0 $0
Coastal Flood 26 0 0 $3.2M
Dense Smoke 26 0 0 $0

Storm Events by Year

Year Events Fatalities Injuries Property Damage
2025 196 1 6 $544.6M
2024 360 16 9 $549.0M
2023 284 9 7 $190.1M
2022 477 7 4 $359.3M
2021 381 20 17 $85.1M
2020 463 7 21 $1.3B
2019 414 8 18 $4.9M
2018 429 4 43 $141.8M
2017 546 3 7 $82.5M
2016 320 7 7 $8.4M
2015 538 14 9 $28.9M

FEMA Disaster Declarations

How the 215 FEMA declarations break into federal action codes (DR / EM / FM). Same DISTINCT grain as the table below.

Download all 215 declarations as CSV . Source data is public domain; our derived presentation is CC0.

215 unique disaster declarations in Washington.

DR# Title Type Incident Date
5646 KAISER CANYON FIRE FM Fire 2026-07-17
5638 UPRIVER FIRE FM Fire 2026-06-16
4906 SEVERE STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES DR Flood 2026-04-07
3629 SEVERE STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES EM Flood 2025-12-12
5614 LOWER SUGARLOAF FIRE FM Fire 2025-09-26
5601 BURDOIN FIRE FM Fire 2025-07-19
4849 WILDFIRES DR Fire 2024-11-26
4823 WILDFIRES DR Fire 2024-09-24
5521 RETREAT FIRE FM Fire 2024-07-26
5518 SWAWILLA FIRE FM Fire 2024-07-24
5517 WEST WHITE SWAN FIRE FM Fire 2024-07-23
5499 SLIDE RANCH FIRE FM Fire 2024-06-23
4775 SEVERE WINTER STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES DR Severe Storm 2024-04-28
4759 WILDFIRES DR Fire 2024-02-15
5481 OREGON FIRE FM Fire 2023-08-19
5479 GRAY FIRE FM Fire 2023-08-18
5472 EAGLE BLUFF FIRE FM Fire 2023-07-30
5470 NEWELL ROAD FIRE FM Fire 2023-07-23
5469 BAIRD SPRINGS FIRE FM Fire 2023-07-11
5468 MCEWAN FIRE FM Fire 2023-07-05
5467 TUNNEL FIVE FIRE FM Fire 2023-07-03
4682 SEVERE WINTER STORM, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES DR Severe Storm 2023-01-12
5456 NAKIA CREEK FIRE FM Fire 2022-10-17
5455 BOLT CREEK FIRE FM Fire 2022-09-10
5447 LIND FIRE FM Fire 2022-08-04
4650 SEVERE WINTER STORMS, SNOWSTORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING DR Flood 2022-03-29
4635 SEVERE STORMS, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES DR Flood 2022-01-05
4631 WILDFIRES DR Fire 2021-12-21
5415 SCHNEIDER SPRINGS FIRE FM Fire 2021-08-19
5414 TWENTYFIVE MILE FIRE FM Fire 2021-08-18
5410 MUCKAMUCK FIRE FM Fire 2021-08-16
5411 FORD CORKSCREW FIRE FM Fire 2021-08-16
5401 CEDAR CREEK FIRE FM Fire 2021-07-20
5398 RED APPLE FIRE FM Fire 2021-07-14
5397 CHUWEAH CREEK FIRE FM Fire 2021-07-13
5395 ANDRUS FIRE FM Fire 2021-07-06
4593 SEVERE WINTER STORM, STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES DR Severe Storm 2021-04-08
4584 WILDFIRES AND STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS DR Fire 2021-02-04
5360 SUMNER GRADE FIRE FM Fire 2020-09-09
5359 BORDEAUX ROAD FIRE FM Fire 2020-09-09
5355 BABB FIRE FM Fire 2020-09-08
5352 APPLE ACRES FIRE FM Fire 2020-09-07
5351 COLD SPRINGS/PEARL HILL FIRE FM Fire 2020-09-07
5342 EVANS CANYON FIRE FM Fire 2020-09-01
5337 PALMER FIRE FM Fire 2020-08-20
5330 NORTH BROWNSTOWN FIRE FM Fire 2020-08-17
5323 ANGLIN FIRE FM Fire 2020-07-28
5320 ROAD 11 FIRE FM Fire 2020-07-12
4539 SEVERE STORMS, FLOODING, LANDSLIDES, AND MUDSLIDES DR Flood 2020-04-23
4481 COVID-19 PANDEMIC DR Biological 2020-03-22

Showing 50 of 215 declarations.

FEMA National Risk Index

Composite natural hazard risk scores for Washington counties based on FEMA's National Risk Index.

Avg County Risk Score

70.0/100

High Risk Counties

5

of 39 counties

Top Hazard by EAL

Earthquake

$2.5B annual loss est.

Top 5 Hazards by Expected Annual Loss

#1

Earthquake

$2.5B EAL

#2

Riverine Flooding

$1.4B EAL

#3

Tsunami

$230.7M EAL

#4

Wildfire

$173.1M EAL

#5

Cold Wave

$117.0M EAL

Source: FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) EAL = Expected Annual Loss. Data: hazards.fema.gov/nri

NFIP Flood Insurance Claims

National Flood Insurance Program claims across Washington from FEMA NFIP data.

Total Claims

15,927

Total Paid

$365.4M

Avg Per Claim

$22.9K

Counties With Claims

39

Source: FEMA National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) OpenFEMA Claims Data

Counties in Washington

39 counties with FEMA disaster data. Declaration counts measure past federal action; NRI rating is FEMA's modeled composite, so a high count is not a high rating.

#CountyDisastersNRI ratingMajor
1Chelan County52Relatively Moderate16
2Okanogan County40Relatively Moderate14
3Lewis County37Relatively Moderate34
4Snohomish County37Relatively High32
5Yakima County36Relatively Moderate17
6Grays Harbor County35Relatively High32
7King County35Very High31
8Wahkiakum County33Very Low30
9Mason County32Relatively Moderate28
10Clallam County30Relatively Moderate27
11Thurston County30Relatively High26
12Jefferson County30Relatively Low27
13Kittitas County29Relatively Moderate17
14Klickitat County29Relatively Low17
15Spokane County29Relatively Moderate14
16Skamania County29Relatively Low23
17Skagit County29Relatively Moderate25
18Whatcom County27Relatively Moderate23
19Pacific County27Relatively Moderate25
20Pierce County26Relatively High22
21Cowlitz County23Relatively Moderate21
22Ferry County22Relatively Low12
23Island County22Relatively Low20
24Pend Oreille County21Very Low17
25Stevens County21Relatively Low11
26Benton County20Relatively Moderate13
27Douglas County19Relatively Low7
28Whitman County18Very Low14
29Lincoln County17Relatively Low12
30Clark County17Relatively Moderate14
31Kitsap County16Relatively Moderate14
32Columbia County16Very Low12
33Garfield County15Very Low12
34Walla Walla County13Relatively Low9
35Asotin County13Very Low9
36Grant County12Relatively Low5
37San Juan County12Very Low10
38Franklin County11Relatively Low7
39Adams County10Very Low6

Highest-risk counties by FEMA National Risk Index

Declaration counts above measure past federal action; FEMA's NRI is a composite of Expected Annual Loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience. By that separate measure the highest-risk counties in Washington are King (Very High), Pierce (Relatively High), Snohomish (Relatively High), Grays Harbor (Relatively High), Thurston (Relatively High). Compare any county's recorded history with the Historical Activity tool.

All 39 counties in Washington are listed above.

Compare beyond this profile

Nationwide states with similar NRI score & FEMA declaration volume

Two PlainHazard-derived comparison paths for Washington: nearest states by average county National Risk Index composite and nearest FEMA declaration count (floor ≥5 records). Record similarity only, not a forecast of the next hazard.

Disaster Preparedness Guides

Learn more about natural disaster risk, preparedness, and data interpretation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What natural disasters affect Washington?
Washington is affected by fire, flood, severe storm, biological. The most common disaster type is Fire, based on 215 FEMA disaster declarations on record.
How many FEMA disaster declarations has Washington had?
Washington has received 215 FEMA disaster declarations, including 68 major disaster declarations. That total is spread across disaster types including Fire (147), Flood (35), Severe Storm (20).
What severe weather events are most common in Washington?
The most common severe weather events in Washington include heavy snow (1,700 events), high wind (614 events), wildfire (299 events). Over that 2015-2025 NOAA record, these events resulted in 96 fatalities and $3.3B in property and crop damage.
How active is Washington's federal disaster declaration record?
Washington has a very high level of historical federal declaration activity, based on 215 FEMA declaration records. This band is not a future-risk forecast. Separately, NOAA storm events from 2015-2025 record 96 fatalities and 148 injuries. NOAA-listed property and crop damage totals $3.3B.
How many flood insurance claims has Washington had?
Washington has 15,927 National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) claims with $365.4M total paid out. Claims average $22.9K, with 39 counties reporting flood insurance claims.
Which counties in Washington have the most disaster declarations?
Among 39 counties in Washington, those with the most FEMA declaration records include Chelan (52 declarations), Okanogan (40 declarations), Lewis (37 declarations). County-by-county figures show where the state's federal declaration history concentrates.

Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations, NOAA Storm Events Database (2015-2025) For informational purposes only

What this means for Washington

Chelan alone accounts for 24% of Washington's FEMA disaster declarations, out of 39 counties tracked statewide.

  • The declaration record is uneven within the state: Chelan and Okanogan carry the most FEMA declarations. Browse counties
  • See how Washington ranks against other states for disaster frequency and damage. State rankings
  • Learn what FEMA declarations, NRI risk scores, and damage figures do and don't tell you. Disaster-data guide

Historical declaration counts and damage totals describe past federal response, not a forecast. For current threats, follow the National Weather Service and local officials; in an emergency call 911.

Verify with FEMA → · Verify with FEMA NRI → · Verify with NOAA →

Every figure on PlainHazard is rendered directly from FEMA federal disaster data, no number is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or national statistics report, the data & editorial changelog, or report a data error.